ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: It has been estimated that 17% of individuals aged 50 years or older suffer from addiction to legal or illegal drugs. Use of alcohol and psychoactive substances has been correlated with several diseases, e.g. psychiatric conditions and cardiovascular and sexual dysfunctions. Objective: To discuss the Brazilian profile of mental and behavioral disorders caused by use of alcohol and psychoactive substances among older adults and elderly people, over the period from 2008 to 2019. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted among Brazilians aged 50 years or older. METHODS: Hospitalization due to mental and behavioral disorders caused by use of alcohol and psychoactive substances was assessed through data obtained from the National Health System Department of Informatics (Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, DATASUS). RESULTS: Decreasing and steady trends of hospitalization due to mental and behavioral disorders caused by use of alcohol among both men and women at all ages were observed. Similar trends were reported for all age ranges among men and women aged 60 years and older. In contrast, a slight increase was seen among women aged 50 to 59 years. CONCLUSION: These data are crucial for qualifying mental healthcare for older adults and elderly people and for planning mental health services.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Mental Disorders/psychology , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Mental Health Services , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hospitalization , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Este artículo aborda la interrupción de la escolaridad debido a la presencia de cuadros psiquiátricos complejos que inhabilitan al paciente para cursarla de manera regular. Se detallan las características de los trastornos involucrados y los procesos que se desencadenan y que culminan con la interrupción de la escolaridad. Se presenta un modelo de intervención que aborda de manera psico-pedagógica estos trastornos, buscando crear un contexto facilitador del desarrollo social y académico. Las intervenciones, fundadas en una perspectiva clínica combinada con el aprendizaje cooperativo como metodología pedagógica, contribuyen a la estabilización de los trastornos desde el punto de vista funcional y sintomatológico, habilitando al paciente para la reinserción al sistema escolar cuando la situación diagnóstica lo permite. Se incluyen análisis cuantitativos y cualitativos de casuística acumulada durante un período de 6 años, definiendo algunas conclusiones para el mejor entendimiento de esta realidad clínica cada vez más prevalente. Palabras Clave: Interrupción escolar, rehabilitación escolar, modelo psicopedagógico, trastornos psiquiátricos complejos, aprendizaje cooperativo.
This article addresses the interruption of schooling due to the presence of complex psychiatric conditions that disable the patient to attend school on a regular basis. The characteristics of the disorders involved, the processes that are triggered and that culminate with the interruption of schooling are detailed. An intervention model is presented that approaches these disorders in a psycho-pedagogical way, seeking to create a context that facilitates social and academic development. The interventions, based on a clinical perspective combined with cooperative learning as a pedagogical methodology, contribute to the stabilization of the disorders from the functional and symptomatologic point of views, enabling the patient to reintegrate into the school system when the diagnostic situation allows it. Quantitative and qualitative analyzes of cumulative experience are included over a period of 6 years, defining some conclusions for a better understanding of this increasingly prevalent clinical reality. Key Words: Interruption of schooling, complex psychiatric conditions, psychopedagogical approach, cooperative learning, school habilitation.